Solid Substrate Culture Systems for Urban Farming

Solid substrate culture systems are a method used to meet this need. Inorganic and organic materials are used to create a medium where plant roots can be established and obtain nutrients.

Inorganic Solid Substrates:

Natural Environment Materials:
a) Sand: Sand is a material that provides good drainage and facilitates air movement. It allows oxygen to reach the roots of plants and prevents root decay.

b) Gravel: Gravel is a material that allows water to drain well and retains nutrients. It also supports roots and ensures stable plant growth.

c) Volcanic Rock: Volcanic rock-derived materials, such as volcanic tuff, have high water-holding capacity. They retain water and nutrients for plant roots, promoting healthy growth.

d) Pumice: Pumice is a lightweight material that has water retention capacity and good air permeability. It allows the roots of plants to breathe healthily.

Processed Substrate Materials:

a) Vermiculite: Vermiculite is a material with high water retention capacity and facilitates air movement. It also provides necessary minerals for plants.

b) Perlite: Perlite is a lightweight material with water retention capacity and good air permeability. It enables plant roots to access oxygen.

c) Zeolite: Zeolite is a material with water retention capacity and releases essential minerals for plants. It also absorbs harmful substances in the soil and supports healthy plant growth.

d) Rockwool: Rockwool is a material with good water retention capacity and provides oxygen to plant roots. It also protects plants from diseases and promotes growth.

e) Other Synthetic Materials: Polystyrene foam, hydrogel, and hydroponic substrates are also used in urban agriculture systems. These materials facilitate plants’ access to water and nutrients, creating an efficient growth environment.